Negative externalities and ways of reducing them
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Introduction
In this activity, students learn about negative externalities through a case study of petrol and electric cars. They work in pairs to investigate the ways that governments can minimise the environmental impacts of petrol and diesel cars by increasing the uptake of electric cars.
Achievement standard
By the end of Year 10, students explain why and how governments manage economic performance to improve living standards. They give explanations for variations in economic performance and standards of living within and between economies. They analyse factors that influence major consumer and financial decisions and explain the short- and long-term effects of these decisions. They explain how businesses respond to changing economic conditions and improve productivity. Students evaluate the effect of organisational and workforce management on business performance.
When researching, students develop questions and formulate hypotheses to frame an investigation of an economic or business issue or event. They gather and analyse reliable data and information from different sources to identify trends, explain relationships and make predictions. Students generate alternative responses to an issue, taking into account multiple perspectives. They use cost-benefit analysis and appropriate criteria to propose and justify a course of action. They apply economics and business knowledge, skills and concepts to familiar, unfamiliar and complex hypothetical problems. Students develop and present evidence-based conclusions and reasoned arguments incorporating different points of view. They use appropriate texts, subject-specific language, conventions and concepts. They analyse the intended and unintended effects of economic and business decisions and the potential consequences of alternative actions.
Content descriptions
Economics and Business Knowledge and Understanding
The ways that governments manage economic performance to improve living standards (ACHEK052).
Factors that influence major consumer and financial decisions and the short- and long-term consequences of these decisions (ACHEK053).
Economics and Business Skills
Gather relevant and reliable data and information from a range of digital, online and print sources (ACHES056).
Analyse data and information in different formats to explain cause-and-effect relationships, make predictions and illustrate alternative perspectives (ACHES057).
Generate a range of viable options in response to an economic or business issue or event, use cost-benefit analysis and appropriate criteria to recommend and justify a course of action and predict the potential consequences of the proposed action (ACHES058).
Present reasoned arguments and evidence-based conclusions in a range of appropriate formats using economics and business conventions, language and concepts (ACHES060).
Student learning resources
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Negative externalities and ways of reducing them
Strategies to increase the pace of electric car uptake
Suggested activity sequence
This sequence is intended as a framework to be modified and adapted by teachers to suit the needs of a class group.
- Students read the explainer which has a number of questions to scaffold their reading.
- Use a grouping strategy to organise students into pairs.
- Pairs complete the investigation.
- Invite students to share their blogs or the blogs they were sent.
- Students write a short statement (no more than 150 words) explaining factors that affect the type of car people choose to buy.